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authorThomas Deutschmann <whissi@gentoo.org>2019-10-15 12:24:12 +0200
committerThomas Deutschmann <whissi@gentoo.org>2020-08-13 11:26:55 +0200
commite088156d5b620e5e639580dacf85c6dc13823c74 (patch)
tree57f5c025e203279944da512166c20bc0521d8ccd /doc/gs-vms.hlp
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Import Ghostscript 9.50ghostscript-9.50
Signed-off-by: Thomas Deutschmann <whissi@gentoo.org>
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+1 gs
+ gs - GPL Ghostscript interpreter/previewer
+! Ghostscript version 9.50, 15 October 2019
+ Usage:
+ $ gs [options] [file ...]
+
+ Ghostscript is an implementation of Adobe Systems' PostScript (tm)
+ and Portable Document Format (PDF) languages. Gs reads files in sequence
+ and executes them as Ghostscript programs. After doing this, it reads
+ further input from the standard input stream (normally the keyboard).
+ Each line is interpreted separately. To exit from the interpreter,
+ enter the `quit' command. The interpreter also exits gracefully if it
+ encounters end-of-file. Typing the interrupt character (e.g. Control-C)
+ is also safe.
+
+2 Description
+ The interpreter recognizes several switches described below, which
+ may appear anywhere in the command line and apply to all files
+ thereafter.
+
+ You can get a help message by invoking Ghostscript with the -h
+ or -? option. This message also lists the available devices.
+
+ Ghostscript may be built with multiple output devices. Ghostscript
+ normally opens the first one and directs output to it. To use
+ device xyz as the initial output device, include the switch
+ "-sDEVICE=xyz"
+ in the command line. Note that this switch must precede the first
+ .ps file, and only its first invocation has any effect. For example,
+ for printer output in a normal configuration that includes an Epson
+ printer driver, you might use the command
+ gs "-sDEVICE=epson" myfile.ps
+ instead of just
+ gs myfile.ps
+ Alternatively, you can type
+ (epson) selectdevice
+ (myfile.ps) run
+ All output then goes to the printer instead of the display until
+ further notice. You can switch devices at any time by using the
+ selectdevice procedure, e.g.,
+ (vga) selectdevice
+ or
+ (epson) selectdevice
+ As yet a third alternative, you can define a logical name GS_DEVICE
+ as the desired default device name. The order of precedence for these
+ alternatives, highest to lowest, is:
+ selectdevice
+ (command line)
+ GS_DEVICE
+ (first device in build list)
+
+ To select the density on a printer, use
+ gs "-sDEVICE=<device>" -r<xres>x<yres>
+ For example, on a 9-pin Epson-compatible printer, you can get the
+ lowest-density (fastest) mode with
+ gs "-sDEVICE=epson" -r60x72
+ and the highest-density mode with
+ gs "-sDEVICE=epson" -r240x72.
+
+ If you select a printer as the output device, Ghostscript also
+ allows you to control where the device sends its output. Normally,
+ output goes directly to a scratch file on Unix and VMS systems. To
+ send the output to a series of files foo1.xyz, foo2.xyz, ..., use
+ the switch
+ "-sOutputFile=foo%d.xyz"
+ The %d is a printf format specification; you can use other formats
+ like %02d. Each file will receive one page of output. Alternatively,
+ to send the output to a single file foo.xyz, with all the pages con-
+ catenated, use the switch
+ "-sOutputFile=foo.xyz"
+
+ To find out what devices are available, type
+ devicenames ==
+ after starting up Ghostscript. Alternatively, you can use the -h or -?
+ switch in the command line; the help message also lists the available
+ devices.
+
+ To select a different paper size, use the command line switch
+ "-sPAPERSIZE=a_known_paper_size"
+ e.g.,
+ "-sPAPERSIZE=a4"
+ or
+ "-sPAPERSIZE=legal"
+
+ As of this printing, the known paper sizes, defined in gs_statd.ps, are:
+
+ PAPERSIZE X" Y" X cm Y cm
+ ____________________________________________________
+ 11x17 11" 17" 27.94 43.18
+ a0 33.0556" 46.7778" 83.9611 118.816
+ a10 1.02778" 1.45833" 2.61056 3.70417
+ a1 23.3889" 33.0556" 59.4078 83.9611
+ a2 16.5278" 23.3889" 41.9806 59.4078
+ a3 11.6944" 16.5278" 29.7039 41.9806
+ a4 8.26389" 11.6944" 20.9903 29.7039
+ a5 5.84722" 8.26389" 14.8519 20.9903
+ a6 4.125" 5.84722" 10.4775 14.8519
+ a7 2.91667" 4.125" 7.40833 10.4775
+ a8 2.05556" 2.91667" 5.22111 7.40833
+ a9 1.45833" 2.05556" 3.70417 5.22111
+ archA 9" 12" 22.86 30.48
+ archB 12" 18" 30.48 45.72
+ archC 18" 24" 45.72 60.96
+ archD 24" 36" 60.96 91.44
+ archE 36" 48" 91.44 121.92
+ b0 39.3889" 55.6667" 100.048 141.393
+ b1 27.8333" 39.3889" 70.6967 100.048
+ b2 19.6944" 27.8333" 50.0239 70.6967
+ b3 13.9167" 19.6944" 35.3483 50.0239
+ b4 9.84722" 13.9167" 25.0119 35.3483
+ b5 6.95833" 9.84722" 17.6742 25.0119
+ flsa 8.5" 13" 21.59 33.02
+ flse 8.5" 13" 21.59 33.02
+ halfletter 5.5" 8.5" 13.97 21.59
+ ledger 17" 11" 43.18 27.94
+ legal 8.5" 14" 21.59 35.56
+ letter 8.5" 11" 21.59 27.94
+ note 7.5" 10" 19.05 25.4
+
+ Note that the B paper sizes are ISO sizes: for information about using
+ JIS B sizes, see `Use.htm'.
+
+2 Initialization_files
+ When looking for the initialization files (gs_*.ps), the files related
+ to fonts, or the file for the `run' operator, Ghostscript first tries
+ opening the file with the name as given (i.e., using the current
+ working directory if none is specified). If this fails, and the file
+ name doesn't specify an explicit directory or drive, Ghostscript will
+ try directories in the following order:
+
+ 1. The directory/ies specified by the -I switch(es) in the command
+ line (see below), if any;
+ 2. The directory/ies specified by the GS_LIB logical, if any;
+ 3. The directory/ies specified by the GS_LIB_DEFAULT macro in the
+ Ghostscript makefile.
+
+ Each of these (GS_LIB_DEFAULT, GS_LIB, and -I parameter) may be either
+ a single directory, or a list of directories separated by a `:'.
+
+2 X_resources
+ Ghostscript looks for the following resources under the program name
+ `Ghostscript':
+
+ borderWidth
+ The border width in pixels (default = 1).
+
+ borderColor
+ The name of the border color (default = black).
+
+ geometry
+ The window size and placement, WxH+X+Y (default is NULL).
+
+ xResolution
+ The number of x pixels per inch (default is computed from
+ WidthOfScreen and WidthMMOfScreen).
+
+ yResolution
+ The number of y pixels per inch (default is computed from
+ HeightOfScreen and HeightMMOfScreen).
+
+ useBackingPixmap
+ Determines whether backing store is to be used for saving display
+ window (default = true).
+
+ See the file `Use.htm' for a more complete list of resources.
+
+ To set these resources, put them in a file (such as
+ SYS$Login:ghostscript.dat) in the following form:
+
+ Ghostscript*geometry: 612x792-0+0
+ Ghostscript*xResolution: 72
+ Ghostscript*yResolution: 72
+
+2 Options
+ Note that VMS will convert all command line arguments to lower case
+ if they are not within quotes. Therefore, if a certain command does
+ not work, try again but with quotes around it.
+
+ -- filename arg1 ...
+ Takes the next argument as a file name as usual, but takes all
+ remaining arguments (even if they have the syntactic form of switches)
+ and defines the name ARGUMENTS in userdict (not systemdict) as an
+ array of those strings, before running the file. When Ghostscript
+ finishes executing the file, it exits.
+
+ -Dname=token
+ -dname=token
+ Define a name in systemdict with the given definition. The token must
+ be exactly one token (as defined by the `token' operator) and must not
+ contain any whitespace.
+
+ -Dname
+ -dname
+ Define a name in systemdict with value=null.
+
+ -Sname=string
+ -sname=string
+ Define a name in systemdict with a given string as value. This is
+ different from -d. For example, -dname=35 is equivalent to the
+ program fragment
+ /name 35 def
+ whereas -sname=35 is equivalent to
+ /name (35) def
+
+ -q
+ Quiet startup - suppress normal startup messages, and also do the
+ equivalent of -dQUIET.
+
+ -gnumber1Xnumber2
+ Equivalent to -dDEVICEWIDTH=number1 and -dDEVICEHEIGHT=number2. This is
+ for the benefit of devices (such as X11 windows) that require (or allow)
+ width and height to be specified.
+
+ -rnumber
+ -rnumber1Xnumber2
+ Equivalent to -dDEVICEXRESOLUTION=number1 and -dDEVICEYRESOLUTION=number2
+ This is for the benefit of devices (such as printers) that support
+ multiple X and Y resolutions. (If only one number is given, it is used
+ for both X and Y resolutions.)
+
+ -Idirectories
+ Adds the designated list of directories at the head of the search path
+ for library files.
+
+ Note that gs_init.ps makes systemdict read-only, so the values of names
+ defined with -D/d/S/s cannot be changed (although, of course, they can
+ be superseded by definitions in userdict or other dictionaries.)
+
+2 Special_names
+
+ -dNOCACHE
+ Disables character caching. Only useful for debugging.
+
+ -dNOBIND
+ Disables the `bind' operator. Only useful for debugging.
+
+ -dNODISPLAY
+ Suppresses the normal initialization of the output device. This may be
+ useful when debugging.
+
+ -dNOPAUSE
+ Disables the prompt and pause at the end of each page. This may be
+ desirable for applications where another program is `driving'
+ Ghostscript.
+
+ -dNOPLATFONTS
+ Disables the use of fonts supplied by the underlying platform (e.g.
+ X Windows). This may be needed if the platform fonts look undesirably
+ different from the scalable fonts.
+
+ -dSAFER
+ Disables the deletefile and renamefile operators, and the ability to
+ open files in any mode other than read-only. This may be desirable
+ for spoolers or other sensitive environments.
+
+ -dWRITESYSTEMDICT
+ Leaves systemdict writable. This is necessary when running special
+ utility programs, but is strongly discouraged as it bypasses normal Postscript
+ security measures.
+
+ -sDEVICE=device
+ Selects an alternate initial output device, as described above.
+
+ -sOutputFile=filename
+ Selects an alternate output file for the initial output device, as
+ described above.
+
+2 Files
+!!! Change
+ GS_Root:[Ghostscript.gs4_0]
+ Startup-files, utilities, and basic font definitions.
+
+ GS_Root:[Ghostscript.Fonts4_0]
+ Additional font definitions.
+
+ GS_Root:[Ghostscript.gs4_0.Examples]
+ Demo Ghostscript files.
+
+ GS_Root:[Ghostscript.gs4_0.Doc]
+ Assorted document files.
+!!! Change
+2 See_also
+ The various Ghostscript document files (above).
+
+2 Bugs
+ See the network news group comp.lang.postscript.